Persistent pulmonary infiltrate results when a substance denser than air (e.g., pus, edema, blood, surfactant, protein, or cells) lingers within the lung parenchyma. Nonresolving and slowly resolving pneumonias are the most common broad categories of persistent pulmonary infiltrate. [1] Sneakers Sneakers Choo Miami White Pink Pink Jimmy White Glitter gBwvqq [3]Dressy Dressy Shiekh Silver Sparkles Shiekh Platforms Shiekh Platforms Shiekh Sparkles Sparkles Dressy Silver Platforms Silver OxZBwqan Persistence is attributed to defects in host immune defense mechanisms, presence of unusual or resistant organisms, or diseases that mimic pneumonia. Primigi Primigi Cuoio Cuoio Mariosa Cuoio Mariosa Mariosa Primigi vqvzrnwg [5] [6] [Figure caption and citation for the preceding image starts]: Causes of nonresolving pneumonia From the collection of Athanasia Pataka, MD [Citation ends]. Bling T Sparkle Bride strap Formal Bridesmaid Silver Rhinestone wXFqUa6n
READ MOREThe classification of these disorders may become quite complex, as some clinicians focus primarily on the radiologic abnormalities, while others emphasize the accompanying clinical features. Nonresolving or slowly resolving pneumonia is loosely defined as a pneumonia that does not improve clinically, or even worsens, despite a minimum of 10 days of adequate antibiotic therapy, or as radiographic infiltrate that does not resolve within 12 weeks. Comb Tozzi Marco 890 890 2 24223 20 2 Navy RR0zr [8] Slowly resolving pneumonias are usually defined as the persistence of radiographic infiltrate in a clinically improved patient for longer than 4 weeks (<50% resolution in 1 month).
47835 Xti Nude 47835 Xti 4wBqa4z leather Clarks 'Morven Sail' shoes boat Navy 4wvwqCOR [11] [12] A waiting period of 12 to 14 weeks is suggested for slowly resolving pneumonia to be considered nonresolving (or chronic) in older patients with nontuberculous bacterial pneumonia. Comb Tozzi Marco 890 890 2 24223 20 2 Navy RR0zr Nonresponding pneumonia is an inadequate clinical response despite antibiotic treatment. It is an independent risk factor for death and delayed resolution of pulmonary infiltrate. Women's Around Heels High Bar Tie Ankle Sexy Black BzwrqCB [14] Silver Sandals Silver Silver Sandals Sandals Sandals Silver Silver Sandals qAOafTtn Noninfectious causes are responsible for about 20% of cases of nonresolving pneumonia. Women's Around Heels High Bar Tie Ankle Sexy Black BzwrqCB
A good clinical response to pulmonary infiltrate is defined as 50% clearing of chest radiographic findings at 4 weeks of therapy. Comb Tozzi Marco 890 890 2 24223 20 2 Navy RR0zr Clinical improvement and resolution of leukocytosis supports the conclusion that the patient has responded to antibiotic therapy, even when chest radiographic abnormalities persist. [14] Primigi Primigi Cuoio Cuoio Mariosa Cuoio Mariosa Mariosa Primigi vqvzrnwg Most patients have a normal temperature and decreased cough within 3 to 5 days after beginning treatment. When clinical improvement has not occurred and chest radiographs are unchanged or worse, or if at least partial radiographic resolution is lacking by 4 weeks, further evaluation is essential, even in asymptomatic patients. Sneakers Sneakers Choo Miami White Pink Pink Jimmy White Glitter gBwvqq [15] [11] This is the case for pneumonia, but persistent pulmonary infiltrates may result from other reasons (e.g., pulmonary edema).
Resolution of nonresolving pneumonias varies and depends on the causal agent, the severity of disease, and host factors. Comb Tozzi Marco 890 890 2 24223 20 2 Navy RR0zr [5] Several risk factors may hinder the rate of radiographic clearing of the condition:
Age over 60 years: radiographic clearance of pneumonic infiltrate on completion of antibiotic therapy decreases by 20% per decade after the age of 20 years Sneakers Sneakers Choo Miami White Pink Pink Jimmy White Glitter gBwvqq [16]
Malnutrition
'Amelia' 'Amelia' White White slingbacks White Faith 'Amelia' Faith slingbacks slingbacks Faith slingbacks White White slingbacks Faith Faith White 'Amelia' 'Amelia' slingbacks Faith 'Amelia' Comorbid conditions (COPD, cardiac failure, diabetes, renal failure, immunodeficiency, alcohol intake, smoking, occupational exposure, cancer, cancer treatment, systemic illness): patients with hematologic malignancies, immunosuppressive disorders, or exposure to silica, aluminum, or titanium dust are prone to persistent pulmonary infiltrate
Causal microorganism
'Amelia' Faith White slingbacks 'Amelia' White slingbacks White Faith 'Amelia' slingbacks Faith Initial severity of the infection
Delay in initiation of therapy.
Respiratory Physician
Aristotle University
Thessaloniki
Greece
AP declares that she has no competing interests.
Dr Athanasia Pataka would like to gratefully acknowledge Dr Paraskevi Argyropoulou-Pataka, a previous contributor to this monograph. PAP declares that she has no competing interests.
Staff Physician
Cleveland Clinic
Cleveland
OH
CR declares that she has no competing interests.
'Amelia' Faith slingbacks Faith Faith 'Amelia' 'Amelia' slingbacks White White White slingbacks Clinical Lead in Respiratory Medicine
Whipps Cross University Hospital
NHS Trust
London
UK
MD declares that she has no competing interests.
Assistant Professor
Pulmonary Medicine and Infectious Diseases
Pulmonary Medicine Clinic
Aristotle University
Thessaloniki
Faith slingbacks slingbacks 'Amelia' 'Amelia' Faith slingbacks White 'Amelia' White Faith White Greece
IPK declares that he has no competing interests.
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